Anal fistula and perianal abscess are unique feature and dominant species of traditional Chinese medicine surgery. Since the establishment of our hospital, our department has been continuing to carry out relevant diagnosis and treatment work on such disease. In the meantime of surgical excision, the use of traditional Chinese medicine thread therapy can not only solve the disease focus, avoid recurrence, but also effectively protect the anal function and avoid postoperative anal incontinence. Washing and soaking with Chinese herbal medicine can keep the wound clean and promote the growth of granulation. Postoperative dressing change therapy combined with the well-known surgical drugs in our hospital, such as "Hong Sha strip", "Scalded Oil Gauze Strip", can achieve the effect of eliminating putrefaction and promoting healing. For perianal abscess, we usually adopt one-time radical surgery, to avoid the two-step mode of incision and drainage first, and then treatment of anal fistula. This can reduce the inconvenience of repeated hospitalization and reduce the treatment pain.